![]() ![]() Besides this, Pliny the Younger's Panegyricus and Dio Chrysostom's orations are the best surviving contemporary sources. Book 68 in Greek author Cassius Dio's Roman History, which survives mostly as Byzantine abridgements and epitomes, is the main source for the political history of Trajan's rule. The Parthica, a 17-volume account of the Parthian Wars written by Arrian, has met a similar fate. Only fragments remain of the Getica, a book by Trajan's personal physician Titus Statilius Criton. Īn account of the Dacian Wars, the Commentarii de bellis Dacicis, written by Trajan himself or a ghostwriter and modelled after Caesar's Commentarii de Bello Gallico, is lost with the exception of one sentence. In the Renaissance, Machiavelli, speaking on the advantages of adoptive succession over heredity, mentioned the five successive good emperors "from Nerva to Marcus" – a trope out of which the 18th-century historian Edward Gibbon popularized the notion of the Five Good Emperors, of whom Trajan was the second. Among medieval Christian theologians, Trajan was considered a virtuous pagan. Every new emperor after him was honoured by the Senate with the wish felicior Augusto, melior Traiano (that he be "luckier than Augustus and better than Trajan"). According to historical tradition, Trajan's ashes were entombed in a small room beneath Trajan's Column.Īs an emperor, Trajan's reputation has endured – he is one of the few rulers whose reputation has survived 19 centuries. He was deified by the Senate and his cousin and successor Hadrian. In August 117, while sailing back to Rome, Trajan fell ill and died of a stroke in the city of Selinus. ![]() He annexed Nabataea and Dacia, and his war against the Parthian empire ended with the incorporation of Armenia, Mesopotamia, and Assyria. As emperor of Rome, Trajan oversaw the construction of building projects such as the forum named after him, the introduction of social welfare policies such as the alimenta, and new military conquests. After a revolt by members of the Praetorian Guard, Nerva decided to adopt as his heir and successor the more popular Trajan, who had distinguished himself in campaigns against barbarian tribes. In September 96, Domitian was succeeded by the elderly and childless Nerva, who proved to be unpopular with the army. He then served as governor of Germania superior and Pannonia. In 89, serving as a legatus legionis in Hispania Tarraconensis, he supported the emperor against a revolt on the Rhine led by Antonius Saturninus. Trajan rose to prominence during the reign of Domitian. His father, Marcus Ulpius Traianus, also from Italica, was a senator. Trajan was born in Italica, close to modern Santiponce in present-day Spain, a small Italic settlement in Hispania Baetica his branch of the Ulpia gens, the Ulpii Traiani, came from the town of Tuder in the Umbria region of central Italy. Declared optimus princeps ("best ruler") by the senate, Trajan is remembered as one of the Five Good Emperors of the Nerva–Antonine dynasty due to his philanthropic rule and as a successful soldier-emperor who led the Roman Empire to attain its greatest territorial extent by the time of his death. 11 August 117) was Roman emperor from 98 to 117. Trajan Sans can be used to convey a sense of permanence, elegance, and modernity in a variety of display titles and signage.Trajan ( / ˈ t r eɪ dʒ ən/ TRAY-jən Latin: Caesar Nerva Traianus 18 September 53 – c. The family is offered in six weights ranging from Light to Extra Bold, with language coverage for Pan-European Latin, Cyrillic and Greek. While there are several fine san-serif typefaces on the market that are inspired by the monumental capitals of ancient Rome, Trajan Sans is unique in its fidelity to the form of the highly-regarded letters inscribed at the base of the Trajan column. The new san-serif variation exhibits less stroke contrast than its seriffed counterpart, with stylized flared stroke endings that suggest v-shaped terminals cut in stone. Conceived alongside his recent extension of Carol Twombly’s Trajan family, Adobe Principal designer Robert Slimbach set out to create a distinctly modern sans-serif display type family that retains the elegance and versatility of the original design. ![]()
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